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italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Machines for pharmaceutical inspection
A choice of Motion in Farm & BeautyWe are often led to believe that the choice of motion control for an automatic machine is linked exclusively to the features that it possesses: ability to handle cams rather than special cinematic numerical control functions or those cut on the fly. This is correct in principle, but is not always the discriminating element of choice.In the experience we're going to relate, for example, the control architecture was decided by the "shape" of the machine rather than the motion capabilities. In pharmaceutical inspection systems, in fact, the "carousel" configuration of the machines has imposed the use of an electrical splice (model SRH-180 by Servotecnica) with a large diameter for the transmission of power and motion commands on board the carousel, where the drives are also located.The basic version of this machine automatically provides for twenty-four motors that move perfectly synchronously with each other and must be related to the angular position of the carousel (master encoder). To ensure synchronisation of the axes, an EtherCAT bus was employed, the fastest, standard and open bus available on the market today. The technical control was chosen precisely for its high speed.When transmitting high-frequency signals (the 100Mbit / s of EtherCAT or Gbit / s of a video signal) the impedance of the transmission element is fundamental. In our case the collector, being part of the chain transmission, also contributes to its impedance. A 180 mm diameter electrical joint has a high resistance, which does not allow the transmission of signals at 100Mbit / s in a reliable manner. For this reason we separated the control machine (located on the ground) from the motion (brought aboard the carousel) connecting them through an Ethernet network at 10Mbit / s, more suited to the shape of the collector (or its electrical impedance).In this way tight axis synchronization is guaranteed by the EtherCAT network of the machine, while the master encoder signal and the high level variables are passed via Ethernet using the fast ADS protocol.Another fundamental aspect in the choice of the control system was the extreme compactness of the drives and the controls used. For the large tube inspection machines, we used 200Watt brushless motors with Gold Whistle drives by Elmo, while for the smaller test tubes, we were able to use the 100Watt motor with integrated electronics from the Pegasus series by LS Mecapion. As for the motion control, we chose the Gold Master (G-MAS) by Elmo, unique for its compact size (115 x 75 x 25 mm).
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Integration to improve the efficiency of machines and plants.
What does integration mean?
Perhaps simplification, or reduction of the unnecessary, or at least a different way to design the structure of machines and their way of functioning. The past 30 years have seen an extraordinary transformation of the servos used for the movement of machines and systems.
The application of screws and recirculating balls moved by servomotors with permanent magnets were the first step of the evolution in the late 1970s and early 1980s. An example of simplification that I like to remember was determined by the transformation of embroidery machines (multi-needles) . To simplify, they are a large vertical plotter that moves in X and Y positioning a series of needles that create the points and fills, the mechanical handling of the axes was achieved by a real processor equipped with a mechanical punched tape reader and a kinematic mechanism formed by 3,800 mechanical details! All wrapped up in the "head" of the machine that was lubricated daily with a "mist" of oil!
In 1982 with a customer, we made the first CNC machine, two servo motors coupled with rack and pinion replacing 3,800 mechanical parts!
30 years ago this integration was the first step towards a horizon that, at that time, was only a dream.
Today, the ever more pressing need to reduce costs while simultaneously increasing performance and productivity of machines and systems requires a new way of interpreting the concept of systems integration of motion control.
Thirty years of technological progress have introduced new drive and control techniques, so precision screws and racks often give way to motors with direct load coupling, either linear, rotary or torque. Technology that is not entirely new as it was already available on the industrial market in the early 1990s, but experience in its use was consolidated gradually.
The first performances that improved immediately were speed and acceleration, supplied for the most part in frameless versions, which immediately required structural changes in the support structures and in the entire configuration of the machine.
On many occasions they have allowed brave and alert manufacturers to sign important contracts that provided a different and better positioning of their machines in their markets.
The diffusion of these motors is now very advanced, it is a reliable route today that is chosen not only to obtain the best speed and acceleration but also to improve efficiency or reduce the noise level of the machine, with current needs to find "green" approaches. Plant design and equipment should consume less, it is imperative, therefore, to reduce the kinematic and motion conversions, create simplified structures within which coils and magnets can be installed, to orient the forces in the desired direction to move the mass or implement pre-loads, and obtain rigid but light structures. The guidelines for the design of efficient plants (green):
• Light on mechanics but well designed (calculated and not improvised), possibly modular and with the control electronics mounted on board.
• Little wiring and reduction or elimination of electric cabin . It is the mechatronics approach, which of course requires up to date skills and advanced technologies including electronics.
The servo drives of the present generation are well suited to being integrated in the structure of the machine or inside the servomotor. The electronic components in large-scale integration (FPGA) and field effect transistors (FET AND IGBT) are getting smaller and more powerful. This increases efficiency and reduces heat dissipation, the structure of the machine is used as the radiating element to dissipate the residual energy. The IP 65 versions are in increasing demand and servo drives have become black boxes with Ethernet port connected in field BUS.
Ethernet-based field buses have greatly contributed to accelerating the trend towards integration and modularity, today the most widely used in the automation market are EtherCAT, Sercos 3, Profinet, Ethernet IP. The BUS transmits commands and receives the status of the servo drives (servo drive network) at high frequency so as to ensure synchronisations and interpolations in real time. The servo is in effect an intelligent peripheral connected to a network and has high computing power. The control loops (Position, speed, current, torque) are controlled by complex algorithms capable of reading the behaviour of the load and auto-regulating gains. Dynamic performance is optimal in respect of the structure of the machine and its efficiency.
Servotecnica, always focused on research of advanced solutions, has consolidated more than 25 years of experience in motor applications in direct collaboration with industry leaders, now it offers a wide range of solutions that are characterised by technological excellence and services based on years of experience .
Emilio Bistoletti
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria INTERVIEW WITH ENGINEER MASSIMO REDAELLI, Direct Drives & Products Development Manager, Servotecnica SPA
The first question: Technology trends
What are the technology trends making the most substantial improvements to motion control solutions? In particular, do such motion control solutions today show a more dynamic development?
Distributed Electronics: in a word this sums up the main trend that we are experiencing in the field of industrial automation. With this in mind, motion control systems are also adapting, entrusting the "sorting" of the movement commands to faster and, above all, more deterministic field buses, in order to synchronise the trajectories in interpolated systems. The common denominator between these buses is the physical medium of communication, the Ethernet, what changes is the protocol, different depending on who offers it. Among the various solutions on the market, EtherCAT is certainly the most widespread since it is a standard protocol, open to devices of different manufacturers. The decentralisation of electronics has also facilitated the development of compact drives, suitable for positioning on the machine or, even, to be integrated within the electric actuator/motor.
Second question: innovation and investment
Innovations on the motion control front can make a difference in the performance of systems and machines. Do you feel that manufacturing and process control companies are paying attention to the issue of motion control or do they have other investment priorities at this moment in time?
Every company aims to improve its performance, increasing line productivity and reducing the costs of development and production. The new EtherCAT motion control systems, with distributed architecture, play a critical role in this, making the machine configuration modular and flexible, as well as reducing the wiring. The ability to connect electric actuators like simple automation peripherals facilitates their use for the benefit of even greater energy efficiency (another element of great relevance in the industrial sector).
Third question: Proposals to market
What are your motion control proposals and which elements, both technological and commercial, do you think differentiate you from competitors?
If we think of the peripherals of an automatic machine as elements of an orchestra, the motion controller would certainly be the Director or, if you will, the Conductor. G-MAS (Gold Master) is in fact the Servotecnica proposal in this area. Its open architecture allows us to employ, in composing our "orchestra", the best elements offered on the market: from brushless motors with integrated electronics - Pegasus line - by LS Mecapion, to hybrid stepper actuators, always with integrated electronics, by Schneider Electric Motion USA; from Faulhaber micro motors, also with integrated electronics, to the same Elmo drives, unique in both compactness and power density. All these devices can be managed by our G-MAS across EtherCAT or CANopen networks.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Rotary Joints Complete solutions for Ethernet based field buses
Servotecnica (www.servotecnica.com), always attentive to packaging needs, offers different slip ring configurations to satisfy the diverse needs of the market. From the compact SRC 032 ideal for reading thermocouples up to solutions to support modern field buses based on Ethernet (Ethernet IP, EtherCAT, Profinet, etc.) in addition to the simultaneous transmission of electric power.
Thanks to the use of "hybrid" cables for transporting power and field bus on a single cable, the new version exploits the advantages provided by modern motor solutions with integrated electronics from different manufacturers by providing a plug & play solution complete with connectors.
The range is completed by the availability of pneumatic and hydraulic coupling joints that are also suitable for the transfer of aggressive agents for CIP and SIP operations and the use of FDA approved materials.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Automation and equipment
The new LEXIUM stepper motors with integrated electronics, imported and distributed exclusively to the Italian market by Servotecnica Spa, are the result of decades of experience in the field of motion control and combine the technology of the stepper motor with intelligent electronics offering a true servo motor. Available with different field buses (Ethernet TCP / IP, CANopen and RS-422/485) or working with step / direction, the range of new stepper motors with integrated electronics by Schneider Electric Motion allows different applications, optimising the final cost .Thanks to hMT technology, the Lexium motor range combines the advantages of stepper motors with the flexibility and controllability of the "servo" motors. The current and position ring closure keeps energy consumption and operating temperatures low. The new "design" makes the motor suitable for application fields such as packaging and the medical field and fast and easy wiring is provided by the new connectors on the rear of the motor. The selection of the various field buses allows LEXIUM motors to be used with the main controls available on the market as well as by analogue and digital inputs making it suitable for single or multi-axis applications.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria LSIS PLC generation marks the new frontier of automation
Available on the Asian market for a long time, LSIS arrived in Europe through Servotecnica SPA with a range of compact, high-performance controls that can handle different kinds of issues involving automation. The series ranges from smaller controls to more complex ones covering in this way all the needs related both to the process (redundancy) and the manufacturers of machines (motion control) in an increasingly effective and economical way, thanks to the modular design of the various devices. The control system presents all field bus interfaces available on the market. With regard to motion, it is the master EtherCAT that allows control up to 32 axes with interpolated trajectories and programmable cam systems in the IEC 61131-3 PLCopen environment. The standard does not just regard the programming language and the user interface, it also involves the drives in a global discourse. The drives are standard for both protocols supported by EtherCAT (CoE and FoE DS402) and security aspects (IEC61508). The range starts from the smallest sizes (50W) with integrated electronics and ends at the size of 3.5Kw, with distributed drive / motor. The range is completed by I/O modules and operator panels making the solution complete for any application.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Master EtherCAT XGF-M32
LSIS presents the new Master EtherCAT XGF-M32 in the context of control systems
The module, with reduced size, can be managed with all LSIS series plc, as it is equipped with an electronic control unit of its own. Among the main features is the ability to control 32 axes with CoE profile and I/O modules. Two channel encoders are also available on-board, with line drive input or open collector functions and digital signal input/output for various applications.
The centralisation / decentralisation mixed philosophy of LSIS allows more XGF-M32 modules to be used on one same rack, even with reduced power plc.
Function blocks, compatible with the Plc Open IEC 61131-3 standard, program and manage the drive. All the main functions related to interpolation of trajectories, single or multiple axis, are managed within the XGF-M32 control using a multitasking system.
The XG-PM configuration tool allows the preparation and development of cam profiles for the different kinematics and dynamics linked to the processes of the machine. In addition the entire cycle or parts of it can be verified without writing code within the control thus simplifying start-up times.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria All in one: in one space ... in one product ... in one protocol: the new Pegasus combo by LSMecapion
Available in different formats (40 mm / 60 mm), always ultra-compact, power starting from 50 W up to 300 W: the "Pegasus" series new range of motors with integrated electronics by LSMecapion, distributed in Italy by Servotecnica Spa, anticipates new market trends. Standards certainly feature among the distinguishing characteristics of the product. For the selection of Fieldbus, EtherCAT was the natural choice, today it is the benchmark bus for motion control applications. The interface design, however, loses value if it is not associated with the profiles required by the protocol. For this reason, the new "Pegasus" Combo complies with the CTT (Conformance Test Tool) ETG and has all operating modes required by the market such as the DS402 and the variations on the theme such as the communication functions CoE / FoE / EoE. The operational management of configuration and maintenance is feasible with a configuration software tool. Several functions are available on board: you can assign a physical address via a hardware switch and a USB port allows communication or firmware updating in a direct and simple way with no qualified personnel. The essential topic of security is managed through STO certified input methods.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Faulhaber micromotors in surgical robot
The minimally invasive telesurgery systems are the last frontier of robotics applied to surgery on humans.
The need to operate on the patient through micro incisions demands accuracy, high performance and reliability. The complexity of medical operations on humans and minimally invasive surgery represent a significant improvement for both the patient and for the operating doctors.
Optimising costs and performance requires operational instruments that must meet exactly the requirements of flexibility, repeatability and ergonomics. The movements of the surgeon must be replicated in an extremely secure and guaranteed manner, reducing the risk of the human factor.
The brushless FAULHABER micro motors are used because of their high power density in a very small size, as well as the electronic switching system that ensures compliance with the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility essential in the medical field. Ironless technology allows high efficiency, low power consumption and contained operating temperatures.
The offer is completed by the FAULHABER micro precision gearboxes that provide high torque transmission with compact dimensions and the degree of precision and repeatability necessary for final positioning of the working tool. The operating range of the motors is from -30 to + 125 ° C. They are also available in a sterilisable version that complies with the standards of medical requirements.
Leading manufacturers of surgical robots have implemented FAULHABER micro motors in their devices for solving difficult to solve application problems.
Two brushless micro motor with integrated analogue feedback 1226A012B-K1855 coupled to gearboxes 12/4 64: 1 to perform rotational movements are used in the instruments articulated by the robot. This is achieved through very high dynamic positioning by the motion controller MCBL3003CK-Y2558-4226.
A precious metal brushed micro motor 2232U018SR is integrated in the mobile devices of the robot because of the excellent compromise between torque and size in this particular coupling. The integrated magnetic encoder IE2 with 512 pulses and the precision gear 20/1 3.71: 1 guarantees high precision mechanics and the high positioning repeatability required by the application.
The FAULHABER motion controller for micro motors in DC MCDC3003 P CF manages the axis. The communication protocol is CAN Open with which position, speed and torque commands are transmitted. The miniaturised controllers and the drives dedicated to these geared motors are an essential part of the success of the implementation.
italiafranciagermaniaspagnainghilterrarepubblica cecairlandabelgioaustriasvizzeraisraeleportogallosloveniabulgaria Elmo Gold Whistle
The compact nature of the medical apparatus means that they require reduced size electronics with a maximum reduction in the wiring necessary for their operation. High-performance machines also rely on devices with high power density, combining a standard communication channel that allows easy integration into existing systems.
The Gold Whistle digital drive by Elmo is the appropriate instrument for the needs of this market thanks to its compact size (55 x 46 x 15 mm), the ease of integration, high performance (Advanced filtering and gain scheduling) and the use of the most common communication bus (EtherCAT).
Elmo offers solutions for easy integration of proprietary and customised electronic cards. A second suggestion for using Whistle is by means of a small interface with compact connectors. Finally, for those who prefer "protected" solutions, Elmo Motion Control offers "DC Whistle" seamless integration of Whistle in an industrial box, complete with a dissipating plate. All Elmo offers have the common objective of preventing the use of fans for heat dissipation.